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Practice makes Perfect

The Most Common Accent Error Patterns:  Saying "s" Instead of "Z" at the ends of words

5/7/2018

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One of the most frequently occurring accent error patterns is using and "s" sound at the end of a word when you should be saying a "z" sound.   Use the videos below to learn how to correct this error pattern, and how to know when letter s says "s" and when it says "z."
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Guidelines for pronouncing letter "s" at the ends of words:
If you see an s or se at the end of the word, it is usually pronounce /z/.  Check the dictionary to be sure.

Spelled letters -ss, say /s/
examples:  glass, grass, less, guess

Spelled letters -ce, say /s/
examples:  ice, place, space, face

Spelled letter -s, Usually /z/
examples:  was, is, goes, his, as, eyes  (say "waz, iz, goez, hiz, az, eyez")

Spelled letter -s, (sometimes s)
examples:  yes, us

Spelled letters -se, Usually /z/
examples:  those, use, these, please  (say "thoz, uz, thez, pleaaz")

Spelled letters -se, (sometimes s)
examples:  house, goose, lease
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American English Pronunciation:  Words that End with ng

12/5/2015

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A common error when speaking English is to pronounce the "g" sound in words ending with "ng."  Check out the video below for help with these words.  Read more about this sound here.
Want to see more like this?  Subscribe for updates and new videos.
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How to Learn the American Accent:  Intonation in Words

11/22/2015

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An important step in being understood and sounding more American is learning to use American intonation.  Intonation is the music of speech, the stress patterns or rhythms, the pitch changes, and the vocal tone.  Intonation is complex, but there are some simple rules that you can learn which will help you understand and use correct American intonation.
Word-Level Intonation
For words with more than one syllable, we have an intonation pattern within the word.  One syllable will have the main stress.  This syllable will have a vowel sound which is held longer, has a higher pitch, and a clear vowel tone.  Listen to the examples below.  Can you hear which syllable has the stress?

applicable

pro
gramming

familiar

organization
Now that we are thinking about the stress in words, how do we know which syllable to stress?  While there are a few rules for this, in general we need to memorize the pattern for individual words.  A good way to check on a word is to use an online dictionary, such as Miriam-Websters learner's dictionary, and listen to a recording of the word.
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Stress is marked with a small diacritic (a line similar to an apostrophe) before the stressed syllable.  For example, on the word together, the stress falls on the second syllable "ge." 
It is easiest to listen to the word and repeat, following the stress pattern that you hear.  For access to thousands of recordings of common words, technical and business words, and words sorted by sound and stress pattern, consider a subscription to our full online practice site.
One final note on word stress - you are most likely using it correctly for most words.  Error patterns are most likely to occur on words that you learned through reading rather than listening, as well as words that have a different stress pattern in the dialect of English that you first learned.  For example, many dialects of English including Indian English and English spoken in many parts of Africa and Europe are influenced by British English, which has some differences from American English.  For example, British English will stress the first syllable of French loan words, such as ballet and cafe; whereas American English will stress the second syllable, ballet and cafe.

Some languages have consistent stress patterns on words.  For example, in Spanish, the last syllable is always stressed, unless the word ends with an s, n, or vowel, in which case the stress in on the second-to-last syllable.  If your native language typically stresses the first syllable of a word, you may be likely to have errors on American English words that have syllable stress on the second or third syllables.  You can find words sorted by syllable stress for your practice on our full site. 
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How to Pronounce American English Vowel Sounds

10/9/2015

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One aspect all accents share is a tendency to make errors when pronouncing American English vowels.  The patterns of pronunciation are influenced by the vowel system in your native language.  Vowels are especially difficult due to the fact that the letters we use to represent vowel sounds are inconsistent and do not provide us with a means for describing the sounds.

A useful way to gain understanding of American English vowels is to look at how they are formed in the mouth.  The position of the tongue, both front-to-back and high-to-low, is the primary factor in vowel shaping.  In addition, we use rounded or non-rounded lips, and tense or lax lip and facial muscles.  The chart below shows these elements for each of the vowel sounds.  Click on the symbols to hear the vowel sounds.
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In the top left corner of the chart, we find /i/, or "Vowel ee," as in eat.  This vowel has tense lips, a high front tongue and no lip rounding.  Notice that /ɪ/, "Vowel ɪ," as in it, also has a high front tongue, but is slightly lower and further back than vowel ee.  The lips and face are more relaxed (less of a smile) for this sound.  Because they are made in a similar way and sound similar, many people substitute vowel ee for vowel ɪ.  Their native language may not contain vowel ɪ, and vowel ee is the closest vowel.  You can read more about producing these two sounds here, and watch a video. You can practice words with these sounds using free online audio recordings here.

The diagram above uses IPA symbols to represent the sounds.  This website uses a combination of IPA symbols and our own naming system for the vowel sounds.  Below is a list of the vowels, their IPA symbol and name, and example words and spellings.  Click on the IPA symbol or vowel name to hear the vowel sound and a sample word. For more examples of common words with these vowels and recordings to practice, check out our online courses.
/IPA symbol

/i/

/ɪ/

/eɪ/

/ɛ/

/æ/

/ʌ, ə/

/u/

/ʊ/

/o/

/ɔ/

/ɑ/

/ə˞/
Vowel Name


vowel ee

vowel ɪ

vowel ay

vowel eh


vowel a

vowel schwa

vowel oo

vowel U

vowel o

vowel aw

vowel ah

Vowel er


Spelling


ee, e,ea, y,ey, ie,i, ei, eo

i, o, u, ui, y

a, eigh, aigh, ay, et, ei, au, ea, ey

e, ea, ie, ai, a, eo


a, ai

a, e, i, o, u,  other vowel combinations

oo, ue, u, oe, ough, ui, o, ou

oo, u, ou, o

o, oe, ow, ough, eau, ew

a, aw, au, augh, ough

o, a,

er, or, ur, ear


Sample Words

see, me, seat, baby, key, brief, ski, receive, people

is, women, business, build, hymn

name, eight, straight, may, bouquet, vein, gauge, break, they
met, bread, friend, said, many, leopard

that, plaid

about, below, participate, money, us

spoon, blue, flute, shoe, through, fruit, who, group
good, bush, would, wolf

no, toe, low, although, beau, sew

ball, straw, taut, taught, bought

not, father

her, word, turn, earn


In addition to these single vowel sounds, or monophthongs, we also slide from one vowel to the next in some words.  These 2-vowel slides are called diphthongs, and are represented in the graphic below by the arrows pointing from the first vowel in the slide to the second.  Also included here are words with each of the vowels.  You can listen to these vowels below.
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Single vowel sound words
Diphthongs
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American Accent Training for Japanese Speakers

7/24/2015

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Welcome to online practice.  If your native language is Japanese, the table below lists pronunciation issues you are likely to face when speaking American English.  You will have your own individual variation, but the sounds listed here encompass the majority of patterns Japanese speakers usually bring to speaking English.  You can use your individual assessment and training plan to determine the priority targets for you.  Subscribe to the full site for audio and video recordings to practice these and other sounds and patterns to improve your American English pronunication.  (Don't have an assessment?  You can purchase one in the store or consider 1:1 accent training.)
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sound

b

t

d


g

v


th (as in “think”)


th (as in “those”)


z


j



n


ng



l


r




consonant clusters (more than one consonant sound together)


/ɪ/ "vowel ɪ"
as in "it"

/e/ "vowel ay" as in "ate"

/ɛ/ "vowel eh" as in "get"

/æ/ "vowel a" as in "at"

/a/ "vowel ah" as in "hot"

/ʊ/ "vowel U"
as in "wood"

/au/ "diphthong ow" as in "now"

/ʌ,ə/ "vowel schwa" as in "but"
error pattern

can sound like p or v at the ends of words


can be left off the ends of words

can sound like t or be left off the ends of words

can sound like k at the ends of words

can sound like b at the start of words

can sound like f or b at the ends of words

can sound like s at the start of words
can sound like s at the ends of words

can sound like d or z at the start of words
can sound like voiceless th or z at the  ends of words

can sound like j at the start of words
can sound like s at the ends of words


can sound like zh at the start of words
can sound like ch or zh at the ends of words

can sound like ng or be left off the ends of words

can have an extra g sound at the ends of words
can sound like n at the ends of words

can sound like r or d at the start of words
can be left off the ends of words

can sound like l or be rolled at the start of words
can sound like vowel U or vowel schwa in the middle or at the ends of words

can have sounds left off or have the same errors listed above at the ends of words
can have r/l confusion at the start of words




can sound like vowel ee


can sound like vowel eh


can sound like vowel ay


can sound like vowel ah


can sound like vowel o


can sound like vowel oo


can sound like vowel ah or vowel o



can be pronounced like the written letter rather than the American “uh” sound
Example

robe sounds like rope or rove

boat sounds like bow

code sounds like coat
made sounds like may

pig sounds like pick

very sounds like berry
leave sounds like leaf or leeb

thing sounds like sing
with sounds like wiss

those sounds like dose or zose
breathe sounds like breeth or breeze

zero sounds like jero
buzz sounds like bus

just sounds like zhust
ridge sounds like rich or rizh


thin sounds like thing
moon sounds like moo

thing sounds like thingg
sung sounds like sun


life sounds like rife or dife
goal sounds like go

read sounds like lead
bird sounds like bud
paper sounds like papuh


lived sounds like live, 
want sounds like wan
words sounds like word
fresh sounds like flesh
bliss sounds like briss



it sounds like eat


wait sounds like wet


get sounds like gate


cat sounds like cot


not sounds like note


look sounds like Luke


how sounds like hah or ho



banana sounds like “bah-nah-nah” rather than “buh-nah-nuh”
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